Указания и требования
Когда мы передаём указ или требование, мы можем использовать такой глагол, как 'tell' с придаточным предложением с to: He told me to go away. Конструкция выглядит так: глагол + непрямое дополнение + придаточное предложение с to. Непрямое дополнение это человек, к которому обращаются. Другие глаголы, которые используются для передачи указаний и требований такие: command, order, warn, ask, advise, invite, beg, teach, & forbid.
Примеры
| Прямая речь | Косвенная речь |
|---|---|
| The doctor said to me, "Stop smoking!". | The doctor told me to stop smoking. |
| "Get out of the car!" said the policeman. | The policeman ordered him to get out of the car. |
| "Could you please be quiet," she said. | She asked me to be quiet. |
| The man with the gun said to us, "Don't move!" | The man with the gun warned us not to move. |
Запросы
Просьбы о чём-либо передаются при помощи конструкции "asked for" + объект.
Примеры
| Прямая речь | Косвенная речь |
|---|---|
| "Can I have an apple?", she asked. | She asked for an apple. |
| "Can I have the newspaper, please?" | He asked for the newspaper. |
| "May I have a glass of water?" he said. | He asked for a glass of water. |
| "Sugar, please." | She asked for the sugar. |
| "Could I have three kilos of onions?" | He asked for three kilos of onions. |
Предложения
Предложения чаще всего передаются при помощи глаголов suggest, insist, recommend, demand, request и propose, после которых следует придаточное предложение с that. 'That' и 'should' являются дополнительными в этих предложениях, как видно из первых двух примеров ниже. Обратите внимание, что после suggest, recommend и propose может также идти герундий для того, чтобы избежать непрямого дополнения (получателя предложения) и ,таким образом, сделать предложение более вежливым. Такое употребление герундия вы увидите в четвёртом и пятом примерах ниже.
Примеры
| Прямая речь | Косвенная речь |
|---|---|
| She said, "Why don't you get a mechanic to look at the car?" |
She suggested that I should get a mechanic to look at the car. OR She suggested I should get a mechanic to look at the car. OR She suggested that I get a mechanic to look at the car.OR She suggested I get a mechanic to look at the car. |
| "Why don't you go to the doctor?" he said. |
He suggested I go to the doctor. OR He suggested that I go to the doctor. OR He suggested I should go to the doctor.OR He suggested that I should go to the doctor. |
| "It would be a good idea to see the dentist", said my mother. | My mother suggested I see the dentist. |
| The dentist said, "I think you should use a different toothbrush". | The dentist recommended using a different toothbrush. |
| You said, "I don't think you have time to see the dentist this week." | You suggested postponing my visit to the dentist. |
| I said, "I don't think you should see the dentist this week." | I suggested postponing your visit to the dentist. |
| My manager said, "I think we should examine the budget carefully at this meeting." | My manager proposed that we examine the budget carefully at the meeting. |
| "Why don't you sleep overnight at my house?" she said. | She suggested that I sleep overnight at her house. |