Simple past
Teste seu conhecimentoFunções do "Simple Past"
O tempo verbal "simple past" é utilizado para se referir a uma ação concluída em um período de tempo anterior ao atual. Sua duração é irrelevante. A ação pode ter ocorrido em um passado recente ou distante.
Exemplos
- John Cabot sailed to America in 1498.
- My father died last year.
- He lived in Fiji in 1976.
- We crossed the Channel yesterday.
Sempre utilize o "simple past" ao indicar quando algo aconteceu, para que ele seja associado a determinadas expressões temporais que indiquem:
-
frequência: often, sometimes, always.
I sometimes walked home at lunchtime.
I often brought my lunch to school. -
período de tempo determinado: last week, when I was a child, yesterday, six weeks ago.
We saw a good film last week.
Yesterday, I arrived in Geneva.
She finished her work atseven o'clock
I went to the theatre last night - período de tempo indeterminado: the other day, ages ago, a long time ago. People lived in caves a long time ago.
- She played the piano when she was a child.
Nota: o termo ago representa uma forma útil para expressar a distância de tempo no passado. Ele é inserido após o período temporal: a week ago, three years ago, a minute ago.
Formando o "Simple Past"
Formação do "simple past" com verbos regulares
| Afirmativa | ||
| Sujeito | + verbo + "ed" | |
| I | skipped. | |
| Negativa | ||
| Sujeito | + did not | + infinitivo sem to |
| They | didn't | go. |
| Interrogativa | ||
| Did | + sujeito | + infinitivo sem to |
| Did | she | arrive? |
| Interrogativa negativa | ||
| Did not | + sujeito | + infinitivo sem to |
| Didn't | you | play? |
To Walk
| Afirmativa | Negativa | Interrogativa |
|---|---|---|
| I walked | I didn't walk | Did I walk? |
| You walked | You didn't walk | Did you walk? |
| He walked | He didn't walk | Did he walk? |
| We walked | We didn't walk | Did we walk? |
| They walked | They didn't walk | Did they walk? |
"Simple past" dos verbos to be, to have e to do
| Sujeito | Verbo | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Be | Have | Do | |
| I | was | had | did |
| You | were | had | did |
| He/She/It | was | had | did |
| We | were | had | did |
| You | were | had | did |
| They | were | had | did |
Notas sobre as formas afirmativa, negativa & interrogativa
Afirmativa
A forma afirmativa do "simple past" é simples.
- I was in Japan last year.
- She had a headache yesterday.
- We did our homework last night.
Negativa e interrogativa
Para as formas interrogativa e negativa do "simple past" do verbo "do" como verbo ordinário, utilize como auxiliar o próprio "do". Ex.: We didn't do our homework last night.
A forma negativa do verbo "have" no "simple past" é normalmente formada com o uso do verbo auxiliar "do", ainda que, em alguns casos, basta adicionar not ou a contração "n't".
A forma interrogativa do verbo "have" no "simple past" geralmente utiliza o auxiliar "do".
Exemplos
- They weren't in Rio last summer.
- We didn't have any money.
- We didn't have time to visit the Eiffel Tower.
- We didn't do our exercises this morning.
- Were they in Iceland last January?
- Did you have a bicycle when you were young?
- Did you do much climbing in Switzerland?
Nota: para as formas negativa e interrogativa de todos os verbos no "simple past", sempre utilize o auxiliar "did".
"Simple past": Verbos irregulares
Alguns verbos são irregulares no "simple past". Confira abaixo os mais comuns.
to go
- He went to a club last night.
- Did he go to the cinema last night?
- He didn't go to bed early last night.
to give
- We gave her a doll for her birthday.
- They didn't give John their new address.
- Did Barry give you my passport?
to come
- My parents came to visit me last July.
- We didn't come because it was raining.
- Did he come to your party last week?